Municipal Bonds

Ambac Assurance and Assured Guaranty Sue Puerto Rico For Defaulting on Bond Payment

Published on: January 12, 2016 | by Shepherd Smith Edwards & Kantas, LLP

Municipal bond insurance companies Ambac Assurance Corp. (Ambac) and Assured Guaranty Corp. (Assured) are suing Puerto Rico in the wake of its failure to make $37 million in bond payments that were due on January 1. The U.S territory defaulted on paying certain bonds in order to have the funds to repay $355 million owed to holders of Puerto Rico general obligation debts. In the process, it diverted $163 million from revenue streams that should have gone to the island’s government agencies.

Ambac and Assured insure approximately $1.1 billion and almost $1.5 billion, respectively, of the debt still owed to government agencies. The insurance companies contend that the island’s decision to use tax money, which should have gone toward payments on the bonds that they insure, to pay the other bond obligations due is unconstitutional. Assured also said that this legally interferes with the insurer’s contractual rights and violates the U.S. Constitution’s Fifth and Fourth Amendments, as well as Article I, Section 10.

Because of the default, the two insurance companies are collectively compelled to pay $10.7 million on insurance policies. Their lawsuit seeks to stop Puerto Rico from completing the payment clawbacks.

According to the two insurers, clawback authority is only applicable when no other funds are available to pay debt. They say that the island has yet to prove this to be true.
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Shareholder Files Against REIT Over $41M Puerto Rico Hotel Loan Write-Down

Published on: January 5, 2016 | by Shepherd Smith Edwards & Kantas, LLP

A shareholder of Resource Capital Corp. is suing the real estate investment trust (REIT) because of the way it dealt with a Puerto Rico hotel loan portfolio and a $41 million write-down that resulted last year. Plaintiff Josh Reaves says that the REIT’s directors knew there was bleak information about the deteriorating financial state of the U.S. territory way before a press release went out in August revealing there had been a $41 million write-down on a hotel mezzanine loan. The announcement caused the REIT’s stock to drop over 12% ,while erasing $55 million in market capitalization.

Reaves says that Resource Capital should have known as early as February 2014, when Puerto Rico debt was downgraded to “junk” status, that investments on the island were at risk. Instead, he contends, the REIT did not disclose the degree to which its loan portfolio was exposed to the Puerto Rican economy, misrepresented the degree of risk the portfolio could handle, did not abide by disclosure practices as they pertain to loan impairment, did not accurately represent the portfolio’s value, and failed to have the internal controls needed to stop the risks from becoming too precarious.

In August 2015, when submitting its filing to the SEC, Resource Capital wrote that the loan’s outstanding balance was $38.1 million and moved $3 million of accrued interest to the negative column from the positive column. Because of the $41 million write-down, $31 million was lost over that quarter.

Reaves’ case is a derivatives lawsuit. He is filing it on the company’s behalf. This means that Resource is a nominal defendant. The defendants named included the REIT’s CFO David Bryant, CEO Jonathan Cohen, Chairperson Steven Kessler, and a number of its board members.
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Puerto Rico Will Make $330M in Bond Payments, Defaults on About $37M

Published on: December 31, 2015 | by Shepherd Smith Edwards & Kantas, LLP

The U.S. Commonwealth of Puerto Rico will pay about $330 million of what it owes on general obligation bonds, while defaulting on bonds of approximately $37 million that are mostly owed to the Puerto Rico Infrastructure Financing Authority (Prifa) and the Public Finance Corp. Puerto Rico general obligation debt is constitutionally-guaranteed and some of the money to pay for that debt had been originally earmarked for bonds that do not have as strong of legal protections.

This has led to Financial Guaranty Insurance Co. and Ambac Financial Group Inc., which together insure over $860 million in Prifa bonds, sending a letter to Puerto Rico government officials. In the note, they called the redirecting of the funds illegal.

This is not the first time Puerto Rico has defaulted on bond payments owed. It missed payments last year and its government has already warned that further payments may be missed this year. The territory owes investors approximately $72 billion.

In December, the Puerto Rico Electric Power Authority (PREPA) arrived at a partial-default deal with bond insurers and creditors, reducing debt payments by almost 50% every year for the next five years. Creditors would take a 15% loss in exchange for stronger legal claims on the debt that is left. However, legislation still must be approved to finalize the arrangement.

Worries that creditors will sue has led to Puerto Rico asking the U.S. Congress to grant it bankruptcy protection so it can file for Chapter 9. One of the purposes of the latest bond payment plan is to delay these possible lawsuits while the territory buys more time to work out a deal with negotiators. And, while Democrats and the White House have asked Congress to pass legislation that would let the island restructure its debt, Republican lawmakers have thwarted those efforts. Now, many are expecting these creditor lawsuits in the coming days.
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Congress Introduces Two Bills to Address $70B Puerto Rico Debt Crisis

Published on: December 10, 2015 | by Shepherd Smith Edwards & Kantas, LLP

The United States Congress is considering two bills to help Puerto Rico out of its more than $70 billion debt crisis. The first bill, proposed by the Senate Finance Committee and spearheaded by Republican lawmakers, would offer the island’s government $3 billion in emergency cash, reduce the federal employee tax for the territory’s residents from 6.2% to 3.1%, and provide federal oversight to make sure that Puerto Rico continues to have debt plans in place that are sustainable.

While this bill would provide much needed relief to the island, Puerto Rico’s leaders would rather be able to restructure their debt in court. They want the U.S. territory to be able file for Chapter 9 bankruptcy, a protection it does not have at the moment, unlike all 50 U.S. states. Because it cannot avail of this option, Puerto Rico is having to negotiate with each group of bondholders individually. This is proving a slow and arduous process that could go on for years.

Under the second Congressional bill, presented by U.S. Rep Sean Duffy (R – WI), Puerto Rico would be able to file for Chapter 9. However, this bill offers the territory no financial aid. And, as CNN points out, because a lot of the island’s debt belongs to the central government, much of what it owes wouldn’t fall under the Chapter 9 umbrella. To qualify, the debt has to be owed by local towns or institutions.

Puerto Rico has a $1 billion debt payment coming up on January 1, 2016. Already, Governor Alejandro Garcia Padilla has warned that it would be “very difficult” to make that payment. After January, the next debt payment deadline for the island is in May.
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Ex-J.P. Morgan Bankers to Settle SEC’s $8.2M Bribery Case Related to Jefferson County, Alabama Bonds

Published on: December 2, 2015 | by Shepherd Smith Edwards & Kantas, LLP

Douglas MacFaddin and Charles LeCroy will pay $326,373 to settle SEC civil charges accusing them of paying friends of Jefferson County, Alabama officials $8.2M in return for $5B in county bond business. Together, the ex-J.P. Morgan Securities (JPM) executives will pay $326,373 once a district court judge approves the proposed settlements—that’s 4% of the $8.2M that was allegedly paid so that their firm could get the business.

Jefferson Count experienced financial woes when it borrowed funds so it could comply with a 1996 court order to stop sewer leaks from getting into area streams. Additional construction costs and bond swaps cost the project to exceed over $3B.

The Commission’s lawsuit had alleged violations of its law and rules. The regulator’s charges against the two men were resolved in mediation.

Santander Securities to Pay $6.4M Over Puerto Rico Muni Bond and Closed-End Fund Sales

Published on: October 13, 2015 | by Shepherd Smith Edwards & Kantas, LLP

The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) says that it is ordering Santander Securities LLC (Santander) to pay $6.4M for supervisory failures involving the sale of Puerto Rico Municipal Bonds and Puerto Rico closed-end funds. Of the payment to FINRA, $2 million is a fine and censure and over $4.3 million is customer restitution.

The restitution will go toward certain customers who were solicited to buy the municipal bonds. Santander will pay $121,000 and make rescission offers to repurchase the securities from certain customers that were affected by the firm’s purported failure to supervise employees while they were trading.

FINRA said that between December 2012 and October 2013, Santander failed to make sure that its proprietary product risk-classification tool accurately reflected the risks of investing in Puerto Rico bonds. The regulator contends that the systems and procedures that were in place at Santander did not mandate an evaluation or review of this tool, which is what its representatives used when recommending financial products to customers.

For example, said FINRA, when “significant market events” occurred, such as when credit rating agency Moody’s downgraded a number of Puerto Rico bonds-including Puerto Rico General Obligation bonds-to a level just above junk, Santander did not re-examine the tool’s risk classifications for the bonds. Instead, one day after the credit rating agency issued its ratings downgrade, the firm stopped buying the municipal bonds that its customers in Puerto Rico wanted to sell and ramped up its efforts to lower the firm’s own Puerto Rico municipal bond inventory.
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UBS Puerto Rico to Pay $18.5M to Settle FINRA Sanctions Over Supervisory Failures Related to Closed-End Fund Sales

Published on: September 30, 2015 | by Shepherd Smith Edwards & Kantas, LLP

The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) is fining UBS Financial Services Incorporated of Puerto Rico (UBS PR) $7.5 million for supervisory failures involving its transactions in UBS sponsored Puerto Rican closed-end funds (CEF). The brokerage firm also must pay $11 million in client restitution for losses related to those shares.

According to FINRA, a self-regulatory organization for the brokerage industry, for over four years, UBS PR neglected to monitor the combined concentration and leverage levels in customer accounts to make sure transactions were suitable for the respective profiles and objectives of its customers. FINRA said that considering that the firm’s retail customers typically kept high concentration levels in the country’s assets and frequently used these concentrated accounts as cash loan collateral-and in light of the U.S. territory’s volatile economy-UBS should have put into place a system that could reasonably identify and prevent unsuitable transactions.

Instead, the regulator said, UBS PR persuaded certain customers to establish credit lines that were collateralized by their securities accounts. If the value of the account dropped under the required collateral level, the customer would have to deposit more assets or liquidate securities. A credit line that is collateralized by an account that is very concentrated could significantly increase an investor’s risk of loss. When the market dropped in 2013, and a lot of the CEFs lost value, customers were forced to sustain hefty losses to satisfy the calls they received notifying them that their account’s value was now under the required collateral level.
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UBS Puerto Rico To Pay the SEC $15M Over Closed-End Bond Fund Sales

Published on: September 29, 2015 | by Shepherd Smith Edwards & Kantas, LLP

UBS Financial Services Inc. of Puerto Rico (UBS PR) has consented to pay $15 million to resolve the Securities and Exchange Commission’s claims related to the brokerage firm’s supervision of the sale of its closed-end Puerto Rico bond funds (CEFs). The SEC contends that UBS PR did not properly supervise ex-broker Jose Ramirez, who is accused of increasing his compensation by at least $2.8 million when he allegedly had customers improperly borrow funds to invest in Puerto Rico bond funds. UBS fired Ramirez last year.

The funds came from UBS Bank USA, which is a bank affiliated with UBS PR. Under bank and UBS rule, the funds from UBS Bank are not allowed to be used to carry or purchase securities. According to the SEC, not only was using the funds from the Bank a violation, investors were placed at risk of losses while Ramirez profited. The SEC has filed a separate complaint against the ex-UBS broker.

The regulator claims that Ramirez misled customers about how safe the CEFs were, as well as misrepresented the risks involved. He purportedly lied to his branch manager when he was asked about suspect transactions.

To avoid getting caught, Ramirez allegedly told customers to move money from their credit line to an external bank account before placing the funds into their brokerage account at UBS PR and then buying the CEFs. The CEFs, which were heavily invested in Puerto Rico bonds, dropped in value when the Puerto Rican bond market started to decline in the Fall of 2013. Customers then had a choice of either paying down part of the loans or risk liquidation of their investments.

The $15 million settlement will be put into a fund for investors who sustained losses when the funds dropped in value. The Commission’s order instituting a settled administrative proceeding claims that UBS PR did not have the systems and procedures to prevent or detect the misconduct that Ramirez was engaging in. Even though UBS PR was allegedly apprised at least twice that customers of Ramirez might be violating the loan policy, the brokerage firm’s policies did not provide for reasonable follow up. UBS PR also purportedly lacked a system to make sure that credit line proceeds that were moved out of firm accounts were not used to buy securities.
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FINRA Orders UBS to Pay Investors Over $2.9M For Puerto Rico Bond and Fund Losses

Published on: September 1, 2015 | by Shepherd Smith Edwards & Kantas, LLP

UBS (UBS) must pay over $2.9M to investors Andres Ricardo Gomez and Ana Teresa Lopez-Gonzales for losses related to their investments in Puerto Rico securities. Mr. Ricardo, Ms. Lopez-Gonzales and their relatives filed an arbitration case with the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) claiming breach of fiduciary duty, fraud, breach of contract, negligence, unsuitability, misrepresentation and omission, overconcentration, and failure to supervise under FINRA rules and Puerto Rican law.

Mr. Ricardo’s and Ms. Lopez-Gonzales’ relatives resolved the securities fraud case for an undisclosed sum before the FINRA arbitration panel issued its ruling. The allegations are related to investments in Puerto Rico municipal bonds, UBS proprietary closed-end funds, and the use of Claimants’ investments as collateral to borrow money through credit lines. UBS Financial Services and UBS Financial Services Inc. of Puerto Rico denied all claims.

The Claimants had initially sought $10 million in compensatory damages and other appropriate relief, the cancellation of all loan balances, disgorgement of fees and commissions earned by UBS, pre- and post-award interest, legal fees, expenses, and other fees. Claimants also sought punitive damages.

In response, UBS sought to have the Puerto Rico bond fund case dismissed. In addition, UBS requested that the FINRA panel order Mr. Ricardo and one of the other claimants pay $500,000 in damages.
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Puerto Rico Delays $750M Bond Sale

Published on: August 25, 2015 | by Shepherd Smith Edwards & Kantas, LLP

According to The New York Times, Puerto Rico is again delaying a recent proposed bond issuance latest decision to stall the bond sale, this time because of trouble in the global markets. However, said the newspaper, the island’s government also seems to have come to the conclusion it could not borrow the $750 million by issuing the bonds at an interest rate that was affordable.

The delay in the Puerto Rico bond sale comes just two months after Gov. Alejandro Garcia Padilla declared the territory’s debts unpayable. Not only are the territory’s three big public utilities unable to pay off their debt but also they cannot shut down their operations. Earlier this month, the island defaulted on the bulk of a bond payment due on debt belonging to the Public Finance Corporation, which is another one of Puerto Rico’s government agencies.

On Tuesday, Puerto Rico asked the U.S. Supreme Court grant it the use of bankruptcy protection as the Commonwealth attempts to restructure $20 billion in public utility debt. Garcia Padilla and Secretary of Justice Cesar Miranda Rodriguez submitted a petition requesting that the court overturn previous rulings striking down the 2014 Puerto Rico Public Corporation Debt Enforcement and Recovery Act.

The Act granted Puerto Rican utilities and public companies bankruptcy protection not included under U.S. Chapter 9 bankruptcy laws. Meaning, while the territory awaits that decision, the September 1 deadline for Puerto Rico to outline its restructuring plan is just days ahead.
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